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Pound-force (lbf) is the standard imperial unit of force in the United States, defined as the gravitational force exerted on one pound of mass at sea level. It appears in bolt tension ratings, material testing, and mechanical engineering specifications throughout North America. One pound-force equals approximately 4.448 newtons.

The kilonewton (kN) equals 1,000 newtons, used in structural engineering to express building loads, bridge capacities, and material strength ratings. A typical passenger car weighs about 10–15 kN, and building codes specify design loads in kN per square meter. One kilonewton equals approximately 224.8 pound-force.